ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To establish a method of quick identification of Fufang yuxingcao tablel(manufactured by A). METH-ODS:NIRDRS was adopted,the near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectrum were recorded by a fiber optic probe,and the conformi-ty test model was established through the consistency index (CI) value and the CI limit comparison method. The spectral range of 9 002-7 497.8 cm-1 ,6 903.8-5 596.4 cm-1 and 5 002.4-4 246.4 cm-1 was selected as the characteristic spectral band ,the spectra were preprocessed by first derivation and vector normalization with 17 smoothing points , and 7.0 was set as the CI value;the characteristic spectrum correlation coefficient model was established through the correlation coefficient method ,the spectral range of 6 200-5 500 cm-1,5 000-4 700 cm-1 was selected as the characteristic spectral band,the spectra were preprocessed by first deri-vation with 17 smoothing points,and 97% was set as the threshold. RESULTS:The above established models can rapidly identify and accurately distinguish Fufang yuxingcao tablet(manufactured by A)from similar products of other manufacturers,the CI value of the validation samples was beyond 7.0,the correlation coefficient(r)were less than 97% compared with the reference sample. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and rapid,and can be used for fast screening of Fufang yuxingcao tablet.
ABSTRACT
Entre las enfermedades relacionadas con el agua según su uso se encuentran las causadas por sustancias químicas y por agentes biológicos. Dentro de estas últimas, las ocasionadas por bacterias y protozoarios patógenos incrementan cada día la lista de enfermedades emergentes y reemergentes. Los métodos de ensayo para la determinación de microorganismos patógenos en el agua no han variado mucho en los últimos años, principalmente para los indicadores bacterianos de contaminación fecal, y por lo general se realizan por métodos convencionales. Sin embargo, existen situaciones, sobre todo en la aparición de brotes de enfermedades, en las que se hace necesario detectar el microorganismo patógeno en agua como posible agente causal, por lo que se ha recomendado el uso de métodos rápidos y confiables. Dentro de estos se encuentran los inmunoensayos, de los cuales los métodos por precipitación y aglutinación, los enzimoinmunoensayos, las técnicas de inmunofluorescencia directa e indirecta y la citometría de flujo son muy útiles en la detección de microorganismos en agua. Mención aparte merece la separación inmunomagnética o inmunocaptura como paso previo a otras técnicas avanzadas. Nos proponemos con este trabajo exponer las ventajas y desventajas de estos métodos, los principios en los cuales se basan y ejemplificar algunos de los más utilizados en microbiología de aguas, así como recalcar su importancia
Diseases related to the use of water may be caused by chemical substances or biological agents. Among the latter, a prominent role is played by pathogenic bacteria and protozoa, which constantly add to the list of emerging and re-emerging diseases. Assay methods to identify pathogenic microorganisms in water have not changed much in recent years, particularly with respect to bacterial indicators of fecal contamination, and tests are usually conducted by conventional methods. However, in certain situations, especially when a disease outbreak occurs, it is necessary to determine what pathogenic microorganism is the possible causal agent, and quick, reliable methods have been recommended to achieve this aim. These include immunoassays, among which precipitation and agglutination methods, enzyme immunoassays, direct and indirect immunofluorescence techniques and flow cytometry have proven very useful to detect microorganisms in water. Special mention should be made of immunomagnetic separation or immunocapture as a step preceding other advanced techniques. The present paper is aimed at presenting the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, as well as the principles on which they are based. Examples are provided of the methods most commonly used in water microbiology, highlighting their importance
Subject(s)
Bacteria/immunology , Water Quality/standards , Water Pollution/analysis , Eukaryota/immunology , Immunoassay/methods , Aquatic Microorganisms/adverse effects , Water Microbiology , Waterborne Diseases , Disease OutbreaksABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To apply AOTF-near infrared spectroscopy for quick identification of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid and Yinhuang oral liquid.METHODS:Yinhuang oral liquid and Shuanghuanglian oral liquid samples of different batches from different manufacturers were collected for collection of their near infrared spectra.The qualitative analysis models of the two kinds of oral liquid were established respectively using principal component analysis.Meanwhile,the established models were used to analyze and validate each other.RESULTS:The established qualitative analysis models of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid and Yinhuang oral liquid could be applied to validate and identify each other correctly.CONCLUSION:The method was proved to be a simple,rapid new analytical technique with low cost,and it can be used for a quick identification of Shuangh-uanglian oral liquid and Yinhuang oral liquid.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To establish a new method for quick identifying Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(Flos Lonicerae japonicae,Radix Scutella riae,Fructus Forsythiae) by AOTF-Near infrared spectroscopy. METHODS: Near infrared spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis. RESULTS: The model SHL-C of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid could distinguish Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid from Yinhuang Oral Liquid and other 9 kinds of these(oral) liquids. CONCLUSION: The method is quick,simple and low cost assay technique and can be used to identification of Shnanghuanglian Oral Liquid.